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T\u00fcrkiye diye adland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ve \u00fczerinde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z Anadolu topraklar\u0131 uygarl\u0131klar\u0131n be\u015fi\u011fidir. Bir\u00e7ok dinin ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn ye\u015ferdi\u011fi, insanl\u0131k tarihindeki ilklerin, mitlerin, kavga ve bar\u0131\u015flar\u0131n harmanland\u0131\u011f\u0131, toplumlar\u0131n resmige\u00e7it yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131, felsefenin do\u011fdu\u011fu, devletlerin \u00f6l\u00fcp tekrar dirildi\u011fi \u00e7ok m\u00fcstesna bir co\u011frafyad\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n Diyarbak\u0131r Karacada\u011f b\u00f6lgesinde, Mezopotamya da g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczden yakla\u015f\u0131k on bin y\u0131l \u00f6nce bulunan bu\u011fday ve arpa ile atalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n avc\u0131-toplay\u0131c\u0131 ya\u015famdan yerle\u015fik ya\u015fama ge\u00e7i\u015finin ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 yeridir. Yaz\u0131y\u0131 kullanan ilk uygarl\u0131k S\u00fcmerlerin vatan\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130lk hukuk devleti, ilk yaz\u0131l\u0131 hukuk kurallar\u0131 ve tekerle\u011fin icad\u0131n\u0131n yeridir. Tarihteki ilk yaz\u0131l\u0131 anla\u015fma olan \u201cKade\u015f\u201d anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 yapan Hititler\u2019in yurdudur. Frigler\u2019in Tanr\u0131s\u0131 Kibele\u2019 nin topraklar\u0131, Midas\u2019\u0131n mezar\u0131d\u0131r. Paray\u0131 ilk bulan ve kullanan, antik \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n bilinen en zengin insan\u0131, Lidya kral\u0131 Karun\u2019un memleketidir. Hurriler, Urartular, \u0130yonlar, Akadlar, Asurlular, Persler, Bizansl\u0131lar, Romal\u0131lar ve \u0130skender \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019 nun da topraklar\u0131d\u0131r Anadolu.<\/strong><\/p>\n Velhas\u0131l dostlar bug\u00fcn \u00fczerinde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z arz kabu\u011funun bu b\u00f6lgesi, milyonlarca canl\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fidi i\u00e7inde insano\u011flunun ya\u015fam\u0131na da tan\u0131kl\u0131k etmi\u015f bir zemindir. Anadolu\u2019nun \u00e7ok yak\u0131n tarihiyle ilgili bu bilgileri neden buraya ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131 merak etmi\u015f olabilirsiniz. Ben daha da yak\u0131na gelerek biraz daha sabr\u0131n\u0131za s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmak istiyorum.<\/strong><\/p>\n Sel\u00e7uklu Devletinin y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra, Sel\u00e7ukluya ba\u011fl\u0131 bir u\u00e7 beyli\u011fi olan Osmanl\u0131 Beyli\u011fi 1299 y\u0131l\u0131nda kurularak devlet olmu\u015ftur. Anadolu topraklar\u0131ndan ba\u015flayan ve tarih sahnesinden \u00e7ekildi\u011fi 1923 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar s\u00fcren 624 y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u00fcrede, \u00fc\u00e7 k\u0131taya yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, 5.200.000 km2 toprak b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f, 36 padi\u015fah taraf\u0131ndan idare edilmi\u015f cihan imparatorlu\u011fu unvan\u0131n\u0131 hak etmi\u015f bir T\u00fcrk devletidir. Ne kadar \u00f6v\u00fcnsek, ne kadar k\u0131van\u00e7 duysak azd\u0131r. Ne mutlu bize ki b\u00f6yle b\u00fcy\u00fck bir imparatorlu\u011fun miras\u00e7\u0131s\u0131y\u0131z.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n Yukar\u0131da bahsetti\u011fim Osmanl\u0131 d\u00e2hil Anadolu uygarl\u0131klar\u0131 bu topraklar\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fidir. Bizim, atalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n veya ba\u015fka \u0131rk, dil ve dinlerin ge\u00e7mi\u015fidir. Uygarl\u0131klar yani devletler de insan gibidir. Do\u011far, ya\u015far ve \u00f6l\u00fcr. Bu s\u00fcrecin uzun ya da k\u0131sa olmas\u0131 i\u00e7inde bulunulan \u015fartlara ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n Ne demek istiyorum?<\/strong><\/p>\n Osmanl\u0131 devletinin 36 padi\u015fah\u0131n\u0131n babas\u0131, atas\u0131 da ayn\u0131 soydand\u0131. Hepsi h\u00fck\u00fcmdard\u0131. Ama T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti kurucusu ve ilk Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019 \u00fcn babas\u0131 \u00a0Ali R\u0131za Efendi \u00f6nce g\u00fcmr\u00fck memurlu\u011fu sonra da t\u00fcccarl\u0131k yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130kinci Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc’n\u00fcn babas\u0131 memur, Celal Bayar’\u0131n babas\u0131 m\u00fcft\u00fc, Cevdet Sunay’\u0131n babas\u0131 imamd\u0131. Fahri Korut\u00fcrk’\u00fcn babas\u0131 hakim, \u00a0Ahmet Necdet Sezer’in babas\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretmendi. S\u00fcleyman Demirel’in babas\u0131 \u00e7ift\u00e7i, Turgut \u00d6zal’\u0131n babas\u0131 memurdu. Abdullah G\u00fcl’\u00fcn babas\u0131 tornac\u0131 ve son Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131m\u0131z Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan\u2019 \u0131n babas\u0131 kaptand\u0131.<\/strong><\/p>\n Ge\u00e7mi\u015fi bilmeyen s\u00fcrekli \u00e7ocuk olarak kal\u0131r ve gelece\u011fi okuyamaz. Hayat\u0131 anlay\u0131p gelece\u011fi kurtarmak ge\u00e7mi\u015fe bak\u0131p ders \u00e7\u0131kartmakla m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.\u00a0Bug\u00fcn sahip oldu\u011fumuz Cumhuriyet idaresinin en b\u00fcy\u00fck kazanc\u0131; insan\u0131, birisine kul olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131p birey olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamas\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0Bunun temeli de Anayasa ile g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f erklerin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z hareket etmesidir. Yani Yasama, Y\u00fcr\u00fctme ve Yarg\u0131\u2019 n\u0131n farkl\u0131 makamlar taraf\u0131ndan, birbirinden emir almadan icra ediliyor olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu erklerin ayr\u0131 ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olmas\u0131 durumunun bize getirdi\u011fi en b\u00fcy\u00fck kazan\u00e7 ise \u00fclkede Hak, Hukuk ve Adalet\u2019in egemen olmas\u0131d\u0131r. E\u015fit \u015fekilde hayat\u0131m\u0131za yans\u0131mas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n Burada akl\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 \u015fu sorular gelebilir. Acaba ya\u015fam\u0131m\u0131zda yaz\u0131l\u0131 hukuk kurallar\u0131 olmasayd\u0131 neler olurdu? Peki, bu yasal d\u00fczenlemelerini uygulamakla g\u00f6revli kamu g\u00f6revlileri kimin memurudur?<\/strong><\/p>\n Biliyoruz ki hukuk devletinde; devlet ad\u0131na hareket eden ki\u015fi ve makamlar, g\u00fc\u00e7lerini yasalardan al\u0131r. Yasa olanak tan\u0131yor ise gerekli kamu g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc kullan\u0131r. Bu g\u00fcc\u00fcn \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fc de \u201chukuk s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131\u201d i\u00e7erisinde olmak durumundad\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u201cyetki-g\u00f6rev ve sorumluluk\u201d ilkesi bir birini tamamlayan ve vazge\u00e7ilemez unsurlard\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca tarafs\u0131z, adil, e\u015fit ve evrensel hukuka hepimizin ihtiyac\u0131 vard\u0131r. \u0130ster kamu g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc kullanan ki\u015fi veya kurumlar olarak siyaset\u00e7iler gerekse de sade vatanda\u015f olarak bizler. Hukuk kurals\u0131z ya\u015fam anar\u015fi ve kaosa davetiye \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131r. Ve hukuku uygulayacak g\u00f6revliler sadece ve sadece ortak paydam\u0131z olan yasal d\u00fczenlemelerin memuru olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n Hukuku kim, neden uygulamaz?<\/strong><\/p>\n Hukuku siyasete tercih edenler okyanusta pusulas\u0131z yelken a\u00e7anlard\u0131r. Kendi \u015fahsi menfaatlerini korumak i\u00e7in yasalar\u0131 tan\u0131mayanlar kaos ve anar\u015finin do\u011fmas\u0131na sebep olurlar. \u0130nsan do\u011fas\u0131n\u0131n en \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelli\u011fi hayatta kalabilme refleksiyle hareket etmesidir. Bu refleks korunmaya-varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmeye duydu\u011fu gereksinimi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131r. Bu gereksinimi kar\u015f\u0131lamak \u00fczere de insanlar, toplum halinde\u00a0ya\u015far ve birbiriyle dayan\u0131\u015fma i\u00e7inde olurlar. Bu dayan\u0131\u015fma ruhuna \u0130bn Hald\u00fbn,\u00a0asabiyet yak\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 yapar. Ki bu asabiyet yasalar\u0131n herkese e\u015fit \u015fekilde uygulanmas\u0131yla anlam kazanacakt\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0130deal Devlet!<\/strong><\/p>\n \u00a0Yakla\u015f\u0131k 2500 y\u0131l \u00f6nceki antik yunan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrlerin en \u00e7ok \u00f6nem verdi\u011fi konulardan birisi de devlet yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ne oldu\u011fu ve ideal devlet d\u00fczenin nas\u0131l olaca\u011f\u0131 konusudur. Bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrlerin en pop\u00fcleri Platon\u2019dur ve Platon\u2019a g\u00f6re toplum insan\u0131n do\u011fal ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak \u00fczere bir araya gelmesinden olu\u015fur. Bu nedenle toplum veya toplum d\u00fczeni anlam\u0131na gelen devlet de do\u011fal ve t\u0131pk\u0131 bir organizma gibi canl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu sebeple \u0130lk\u00e7a\u011f siyaset anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131nda insan\u0131n da do\u011fal olarak toplumsal bir varl\u0131k oldu\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar.\u00a0Platon’a g\u00f6re devlet denilen mekanizma b\u00fcy\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f insand\u0131r. (Platon (2000).\u00a0Devlet. \u0130stanbul: T\u00fcrkiye \u0130\u015f Bankas\u0131) Platon\u2019un hocas\u0131 Sokrates\u2019e g\u00f6re ise devletin varl\u0131k sebebi iyilik ve adalettir.<\/strong><\/p>\n 872-950 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f T\u00fcrk-\u0130slam filozofu Farabi\u2019ye g\u00f6re her insan\u0131n belli ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Ve bu ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 yerine getirebilmek i\u00e7in ba\u015fka insanlara ihtiya\u00e7 duyarlar. Bundan dolay\u0131 her insan, do\u011fas\u0131 gere\u011fi ula\u015fmas\u0131 gereken m\u00fckemmelli\u011fe ba\u015fkalar\u0131yla bir araya gelerek yard\u0131mla\u015fma yoluyla ula\u015fabilir. \u0130\u015fte bu bir araya geli\u015fler sonucunda toplumlar olu\u015fur. (Farabi. (2020). \u0130deal Devlet. (\u00c7eviren: Ahmet Aslan) \u0130stanbul: T\u00fcrkiye \u0130\u015f Bankas\u0131 K\u00fclt\u00fcr Yay\u0131nlar\u0131)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n Velhas\u0131l…<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0130nsanl\u0131k tarihi boyunca toplumlar devlet kurmu\u015f ve zaman\u0131n \u015fartlar\u0131na g\u00f6re anlam y\u00fcklemi\u015f, tarifler getirmi\u015ftir. Bug\u00fcn Devlet i\u00e7in toplumun siyasal \u00f6rg\u00fctleni\u015fi diyebildi\u011fimiz gibi, toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak siyasal bak\u0131mdan \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmi\u015f millet veya milletler toplulu\u011funun olu\u015fturdu\u011fu t\u00fczel varl\u0131k olarak tariflendirebiliriz.<\/strong><\/p>\n Ak\u0131ldan \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lmamas\u0131 gereken en \u00f6nemli husus, devleti y\u00f6neten iktidarda kim bulunursa bulunsun ger\u00e7ekte bilginin, adaletin, erdemin ve do\u011frulu\u011fun h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcrmesidir. Bu anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n hayata ge\u00e7mesi kamu hizmeti g\u00f6ren her d\u00fczeydeki insan\u0131n ilkeli, sorumlu ve vicdanl\u0131 hareket etmesiyle m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc devlet adelet, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck, e\u015fitlik ve medeniyetin in\u015fas\u0131 ve insan\u0131n var olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kurulmu\u015f bir organizasyondur. Devlet farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n bir potada e\u015fitlenmesi, \u0131rk dedi\u011fimiz ayr\u0131m\u0131n ortadan kalkmas\u0131d\u0131r. \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n Bir\u00e7ok kadim uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n be\u015fi\u011fi olan Anadoluda ya\u015fayan ve bug\u00fcnk\u00fc ad\u0131yla T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti devletinin onurlu birer \u00fcyesi olarak hak etti\u011fimiz y\u00f6netim \u015feklinin erkler ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yans\u0131mas\u0131 olan HUKUK DEVLET\u0130 olmaktan ge\u00e7ti\u011fini biliyoruz. \u0130nsanlar\u0131n temel ihtiyac\u0131 olan g\u00fcvenli\u011fin hayat\u0131m\u0131zda eksik olmamas\u0131 evrensel hukuk kurallar\u0131yla m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6z\u00fckmektedir. Bu y\u00fczden hak, hukuk ve adaletin insanl\u0131k genelinde, bar\u0131\u015fa giden yolda yegane ara\u00e7lar olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 temenni ediyor, afetsiz g\u00fcnler diliyorum…<\/strong><\/p>\n *<\/strong><\/p>\n H\u00dcSEY\u0130N KANZA<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" T\u00fcrkiye diye adland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ve \u00fczerinde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z Anadolu topraklar\u0131 uygarl\u0131klar\u0131n be\u015fi\u011fidir. Bir\u00e7ok dinin ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn ye\u015ferdi\u011fi, insanl\u0131k tarihindeki ilklerin, mitlerin, kavga ve bar\u0131\u015flar\u0131n harmanland\u0131\u011f\u0131, toplumlar\u0131n resmige\u00e7it yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131, felsefenin do\u011fdu\u011fu, devletlerin \u00f6l\u00fcp tekrar dirildi\u011fi \u00e7ok m\u00fcstesna bir co\u011frafyad\u0131r. Diyarbak\u0131r Karacada\u011f b\u00f6lgesinde, Mezopotamya da g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczden yakla\u015f\u0131k on bin y\u0131l \u00f6nce bulunan bu\u011fday ve arpa ile atalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n avc\u0131-toplay\u0131c\u0131 ya\u015famdan […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2659,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10,4,8,36],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2658","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bursa","category-dunya","category-istanbul","category-yazar"],"views":971,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/marmarahabermerkezi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2658","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/marmarahabermerkezi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/marmarahabermerkezi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marmarahabermerkezi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marmarahabermerkezi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2658"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/marmarahabermerkezi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2658\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2661,"href":"https:\/\/marmarahabermerkezi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2658\/revisions\/2661"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marmarahabermerkezi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2659"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/marmarahabermerkezi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2658"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marmarahabermerkezi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2658"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marmarahabermerkezi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2658"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}